본 연구는 고대 이스라엘 역사 재구성을 위한 사료 가운데 최근까지 알려진 고고학 자료를 바탕으로 주전 10세기 통일 왕국 시대에 대한 역사를 파악하고, 지금까지 이루어진 이 시대에 관한 역사 평가를 분석하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 이 시대를 최소주의적으로 접근하여 이해하려는 연구들은 지양되어야 함을 밝혔다.
The period of United Kingdom, dated to the 10th century BCE in biblical archaeology, is one of the most vehemently debated periods for the history of ancient Israel. Scholars’ opinions lay in wide range from nihilistic point of view denying the existence of United Kingdom to the one accepting the biblical description in face value. This paper examines methodological matrix in three main sources for reconstructing the history of ancient Israel (biblical source, historical source and archaeological source), and analyzed historical sources as well as archaeological results from Jerusalem, Khirbet Qeiyafa, Tel Hazor, Tel Megiddo, Tel Gezer and settlement sites in the Negev. It argues that the archaeological excavations in the land of Israel so far revealed the realities of the period of United Kingdom, dated to the 10th centiury BCE and that they are assumed to provide material culture for state formation and geo-political status of Jerusalem. This leads us to consider that the biblical descriptions for the United Kingdom period could be main historical source even though we acknowledge that it is interpreted in religious point of view and a part of Deuteronomistic History composed in centuries later.
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